What actions does the pectoralis major perform in relation to the humerus?

The pectoralis major is a large muscle located in the chest, and it plays a crucial role in the movement of the humerus, which is the bone of the upper arm. The correct actions associated with the pectoralis major include horizontal adduction, elevation, and depression.

Horizontal adduction occurs when the humerus is brought across the body, such as when you move your arms forward and inwards. This action is significant during various upper body movements, including pushing and pulling. Elevation refers to raising the humerus, which can occur when lifting the arm forward. Depression, while not the primary action of the pectoralis major, can refer to its role in stabilizing the shoulder with certain movements or postures.

Understanding these specific actions helps clarify the functional role of the pectoralis major during upper body exercises and daily movements. It is important to remember that while other muscles may contribute to flexion, extension, abduction, or rotation, the unique combination of horizontal adduction, elevation, and stabilization relates directly to the capabilities of the pectoralis major.